Search results for "Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging"

showing 9 items of 9 documents

Hidden Markov random field model and Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm for brain image segmentation

2018

International audience; Many routine medical examinations produce images of patients suffering from various pathologies. With the huge number of medical images, the manual analysis and interpretation became a tedious task. Thus, automatic image segmentation became essential for diagnosis assistance. Segmentation consists in dividing the image into homogeneous and significant regions. We focus on hidden Markov random fields referred to as HMRF to model the problem of segmentation. This modelisation leads to a classical function minimisation problem. Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithm referred to as BFGS is one of the most powerful methods to solve unconstrained optimisation problem. …

Dice coefficient criterionComputer scienceBrain image segmentation02 engineering and technologyMR-images[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]Theoretical Computer Science03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO]Computer Science [cs]SegmentationBrain magnetic resonance imagingHidden Markov modelRandom fieldbusiness.industryBroyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithmPattern recognitionImage segmentationhidden Markov random fieldMinimization3. Good healthHomogeneousBroyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm020201 artificial intelligence & image processingAutomatic segmentationArtificial intelligenceHidden Markov random fieldbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareJournal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence
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Clinical and Brain Imaging Findings in a Child with Vitamin B12 Deficiency

2021

Vitamin B12 (Vit-B12) deficiency is a rare and treatable cause of failure to thrive and delayed development in infants who are exclusively breastfed. Apart from genetic causes, it can be related to a malabsorption syndrome or when the mother follows a strict vegetarian or vegan diet, causing a low hepatic storage of Vit-B12 in the infant at birth. As the neurological symptoms are nonspecific, a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam is usually performed to rule out primary causes of neurodevelopmental delay. Findings related to brain atrophy are usually observed. A favorable response is achieved with Vit-B12 therapy, and neurological symptoms dramatically improve within a few days afte…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyMalabsorptionmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)business.industryRSettore MED/37 - Neuroradiologianutritional and metabolic diseasesCase ReportVegan Dietvitamin B12medicine.diseasePediatricsRJ1-570AtrophyNeuroimagingFailure to thriveMedicineMedicineBrain magnetic resonance imagingVitamin B12medicine.symptombusinessAfter treatmentbrain atrophy
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Fusingin vivoandex vivoNMR sources of information for brain tumor classification

2011

In this study we classify short echo-time brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data by applying a model-based canonical correlation analyses algorithm and by using, as prior knowledge, multimodal sources of information coming from high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS), MRSI and magnetic resonance imaging. The potential and limitations of fusing in vivo and ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance sources to detect brain tumors is investigated. We present various modalities for multimodal data fusion, study the effect and the impact of using multimodal information for classifying MRSI brain glial tumors data and analyze which parameters influence the classification results…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsMultimodal dataBrain tumorMagnetic resonance spectroscopic imagingMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionmedicine.diseaseNuclear magnetic resonanceIn vivomedicineMagic angle spinningBrain magnetic resonance imagingArtificial intelligencebusinessInstrumentationEngineering (miscellaneous)Ex vivoMeasurement Science and Technology
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Neurological Screening in Elderly Liver Transplantation Candidates: A Single Center Experience.

2022

Background: Cerebral small vessels disease (cSVD) is an age-related disorder and risk factor for stroke and cognitive/motor impairments. Neurological complications (NCs) are among the causes of adverse outcomes in older liver transplant recipients. This study sought to determine whether cSVD predicts acute NCs in over 65-year-old liver transplant patients. Methods: Data were collected, from a retrospective medical chart review, of 22 deceased donor liver transplant recipients aged 65 years or older with a pre-operative brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used the Fazekas score (0–3) as a quantitative measurement of the vascular lesion load seen in the MRI. We analyzed all post-operat…

cerebral small vessel disease; liver transplantation; brain magnetic resonance imaging elderly age-related diseasesLiver transplantationCerebral small vessel diseaseNeurology (clinical)Brain magnetic resonance imaging elderly age-related diseasesNeurology international
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MRI abnormalities following repeated and incoming seizures.

2010

Abstract Neuroimaging, an important diagnostic tool frequently used in the evaluation of patients with epilepsy, has mainly the aim to identify structural abnormalities needing a treatment and to contribute to the definition of the aetiology. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in epilepsy is more sensitive than computerized tomography (CT) scan for detecting abnormalities. Status epilepticus (SE) and repeated incoming seizures may determine extensive and transient or long lasting pronounced MRI changes. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with a history of brain neoplasm, whose contrast-enhanced MRI images following repeated and incoming seizures were characterized either by rever…

Long lastingAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyClinical NeurologyStatus epilepticusMRI abnormalityEpilepsyNeuroimagingRecurrenceSeizuresMedicineHumansBrain magnetic resonance imagingStatus epilepticusbusiness.industryElectroencephalographyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSeizureMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeurologyEtiologySettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)TomographyRadiologymedicine.symptombusinessBrain neoplasmEpilepsy MRISeizure
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Straight gyrus morphology in first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum patients

2010

et al.

AdultMalePsychosisAdolescentFirst episode schizophreniaGyrus rectusYoung AdultmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansBrain magnetic resonance imagingBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyFirst episodeCerebral CortexPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesAnalysis of VarianceBrain MappingConfoundingHealthy subjectsAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFirst-episode schizophreniaStraight gyrusStraight gyrusSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyNeuroscienceMRI
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Cyclophosphamide Pulse Therapy after Natalizumab Discontinuation for Multiple Sclerosis: a multicenter study.

2015

Importance: Natalizumab discontinuation induces the recurrence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) disease activity: Currently no therapeutic approach has been found able to abolish disease reactivation. Objective: To collect data from patients with MS switching from natalizumab to cyclophosphamide. Design: Retrospective multicentre study. Setting: Nine Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Italy. Participants: A total of 47 patients with clinically definite RR-MS switched to cyclophosphamide after natalizumab discontinuation. Two patients were excluded from the analysis because received less than 12 natalizumab infusions. The remaining 45 patients were subdivided into two main groups: Early Treatment (peri…

medicine.medical_specialtyExpanded Disability Status ScaleCyclophosphamidebusiness.industryMultiple sclerosismedicine.diseaseOmicsDiscontinuationMultiple sclerosis; Natalizumab discontinuation; Disease reactivation; Cyclophosphamide; ReboundNatalizumabInternal medicineImmunologymedicineBrain magnetic resonance imagingbusinessAdverse effectmedicine.drug
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Changes in magnetic resonance imaging disease measures over 3 years in mildly disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis receiving…

2011

Abstract Background Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has improved the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS). In clinical trials, MRI has been found to detect treatment effects with greater sensitivity than clinical measures; however, clinical and MRI outcomes tend to correlate poorly. Methods In this observational study, patients (n = 550; 18-50 years; relapsing-remitting MS [Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≤4.0]) receiving interferon (IFN) β-1a therapy (44 or 22 µg subcutaneously [sc] three times weekly [tiw]) underwent standardized MRI, neuropsychological and quality-of-life (QoL) assessments over 3 years. In this post hoc analysis, MRI outcomes and corre…

MalePathologyNeurologyDiseaseRelapsing-RemittingNeuropsychological Testslcsh:RC346-4290302 clinical medicineRelapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosi030212 general & internal medicine10. No inequalitymedicine.diagnostic_testBrainGeneral MedicineMagnetic Resonance Imaging3. Good healthFemaleSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaRadiologyNeurosurgeryMagnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuroimaging; Immunologic Factors; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Humans; Brain; Interferon-beta; Quality of Life; Multiple Sclerosis Relapsing-Remitting; Cognition Disorders; Adult; Neuropsychological Tests; Female; MaleDrugInterferon beta-1aResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMultiple SclerosisClinical NeurologyNeuroimagingDose-Response Relationship03 medical and health sciencesMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-RemittingNeuroimagingmedicineImmunologic FactorsHumansNeurochemistrylcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisMagnetic resonance imagingBrain Magnetic Resonance ImagingInterferon-betamedicine.diseaseClinical trialBrain Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis; Interferon beta-1aQuality of LifeNeurology (clinical)businessCognition Disorders030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Hemorragic presentation of Listeria Monocytogenes rhombencephalic abscess.

2020

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) bacterium is a cause of central nervous system (CNS) infection and the most common cause of rhombencephalitis in immunocompetent elderly. A prompt identification of this condition should be always desirable, since its clinical manifestations are often unspecific with prodromal symptoms leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality if underestimated. CNS listeriosis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are generally not specific. However, in the appropriate clinical setting, focal brainstem hyperintensity on T2-weighted pulse sequences associated with ring-enhancement pattern after i.v. contrast media injection should be suspicious of LM abscess. The diagn…

MalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyFeverCentral nervous systemData correlationBrain AbscessHemorrhagemedicine.disease_cause030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDiagnosis Differential03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineListeria monocytogenesMedicineHumansBrain magnetic resonance imagingListeriosisAbscessListeria monocytogeneBrain magnetic resonance imagingAgedHigh rateInfectious diseasemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHeadacheMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseListeria monocytogenesMagnetic Resonance ImagingHyperintensityRhombencephalonmedicine.anatomical_structurebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMRIJournal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique
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